Tips To Treat And Prevent Migraines

There is headache, and there is migraine. The word migraine is derived from the Greek hemicrania, which, loosely translated, means "half a head". It alludes to the fact that a migraine typically affects only one side of the face, usually around the eye. The pain is often described as throbbing or pulsating and may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and extreme sensitivity to light and sound. Sometimes a migraine is preceded by an aura, visual distortions such as blurred vision and zigzagging lights. It foretells incapacitating pain that can last anywhere from a few hours to several days.
Here are some tips that you can consider to adopt to manage your migraine effectively and to minimize pain.
1. Try Biofeedback
Biofeedback is a form of conditioning in which you learn how to automatically warm your hands and relax the muscles around your neck and head. This helps to reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks. Biofeedback machines, which monitor various vital signs, are available for home use. However, it is recommended to consult a professional for training in the proper use of these devices.
2. Stick To A Schedule
Get up at the same time every day of the week, including Saturdays and Sundays. When you sleep in, you are messing with your body's internal clock. Your body revs up certain metabolic processes later than it should, and that can set the stage for a migraine, just in time to ruin your weekend.
3. Touch Your Temples
If you have throbbing pain in your temples, applying pressure can help relieve it. It is recommended to either wrap a bandanna around your head and tying it tight or massaging the area with your fingertips. Just be extremely careful. Your temples are probably very tender.
4. Lie Low
Migraine pain is very easily aggravated by physical activity, even something as mild as walking or bending over. When migraines strike, most people want to crawl into a dark corner and be left alone. The truth is that this may not be a bad idea.
5. Mind Your Magnesium Level
People are more prone to migraine attacks when they are marginally deficient in magnesium. It is recommended taking 200 milligrams of the mineral every day for two months to see if it has any impact on the number of migraines you experience. Bear in mind that people who have heart or kidney problems should not take supplemental magnesium.
6. Prepare For Travel
A migraine is sometimes associated with a change in altitude. Therefore, if you are planning to fly somewhere or do anything at high elevations, such as skiing, it is recommended taking Diamox a couple of days beforehand. It will reduce the severity of a headache. Diamox is a little different chemically from other diuretics.
7. Stay Calm
Uncontrolled stress and anxiety can also invite a migraine attack. Make sure that you allow some time every day to do whatever relaxes you, even if it is only for ½ hour in the evening. Do not just go to work and go to bed.

Dealing with Migraines

Anyone who has ever experienced a migraine headache knows just how incapacitating it can be. A migraine can put a person in bed with excruciating, pulsating pain. Symptoms of migraines usually include sharp pain on one or both sides of the head. It can be accompanied by nausea and dizziness. Migraine headaches may cause the eyes to be sensitive to light. Migraines are more than just simple headaches and it may be difficult to get relief from the chronic pain of a migraine.
Cluster headaches are a form of migraine that can occur in groups, hence the name cluster, and may last several days or even weeks. The pain can be intense causing the head to throb or pulse. The exact cause of these headaches is unknown but seem to be aggravated by stress, smoking and even certain types of foods.
Painkillers may help to relieve some of the discomfort associated with migraines but those who suffer from repeated headaches such as these should consult a physician. An examination and a series of tests may be performed to try and determine the cause. Medications can be prescribed to aid in the prevention of migraines that act by constricting the blood vessels, which prevent swelling and pressure on the nerves. Other drugs such as beta-blockers may be useful in the prevention of migraines as well.
Headaches may also be caused by eye or teeth problems and high blood pressure. Of course, finding and treating the underlying cause would be the best course of prevention. No doubt you are familiar with sinus headaches, which occur when the sinus cavities become clogged and cannot drain properly. This causes pressure to build which results in pain. The pressure caused by these headaches can be quite intense especially when bending the head.
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You may often hear people refer to their pain by making comments such as “Oh, it’s just a headache.” Most of the time it usually is a mild headache with no serious cause but don’t dismiss headaches quite so easily. Chronic and severe headaches could have a serious underlying cause such as a tumor or aneurysm. If you suffer from recurring headaches it would be wise to consult a physician.
Proper diagnosis can allay serious consequences. Thorough examination and testing can reveal any serious abnormalities. Upon inspection of procedures performed such as an electroencephalogram which records electrical activity in the brain and a CAT scan, which will show a cross-sectional picture of the brain, any serious disorder can be detected or ruled out. Early detection can be the deciding factor in the correction of such disorders.
Although everyone gets the occasional tension headache, medical expertise should be sought when experiencing severe headache pain that recurs on a regular basis. It may be time to schedule an eye examination as well especially if you wear glasses or contacts or have a job that causes eye strain such as spending long hours in front of a computer screen. Eyestrain is often found to be a source of headache pain. Do yourself a favor and don’t let headache pain ruin your days.

Migraine Headache: Symptoms, Causes

Do you ever feel like you need to put a drill to your head? Do you feel like your brain is twisting and contorting in ways never thought possible? Do bright lights hurt you? Do smells bother you? Do you just want to hide in a dark room with a pillow over your head? If any of this sounds familiar, you probably are one of those poor people that suffer from migraines.
Millions of people suffer from migraines. However, the majority of sufferers are women. The true cause of migraines is not really known. Some people get them due to a previous head injury. Some people get them only certain days of the week and aren't sure why. Some people get them when they eat certain foods. Some people just have no clue why they get them.
If you suffer from migraines, there are certain things that can trigger the migraine attack. Avoiding these migraine triggers can effectively reduce the number of attacks. The first thing most people do when they get a migraine is to take a over the counter medication or a prescription migraine medication. However, it has been shown that doing this often can actually give you more migraines because your body becomes dependent on the medication. This is called rebound migraines or rebound headaches. If you are a woman, it has been widely known that birth control can cause a woman who never had migraines to suddenly have them. This includes oral contraceptives, Depo-Provera, etc. This is because birth control alters a woman's hormonal level. These hormonal fluctuations can trigger migraines. Oftentimes, women have the migraine attacks when they are due for a new Depo-Provera shot or right when they get the shot. This is because of the rapid increase or decrease in hormones. This is the same for oral contraceptives. Many women find that the migraines start at the beginning and at the end of the contraceptive pack. If you happen to have birth control related migraines, you may need to find another method of birth control.
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There are also many foods that trigger migraines. This includes: caffeine, processed foods and meats (sausage, pepperoni, bacon, milk, yogurt, cheese, etc.), TV dinners, wine, chocolate, MSG (monosodium glutamate), alcohol, vinegar, certain fruits and juices (bananas, oranges, lemons, limes, grapefruits, etc.), raisins, certain vegetables (onions, pea pods, sauerkraut), Aspartame (NutraSweet), and fresh baked goods that are yeast risen (bagels, doughnuts, soft pretzels, pizza. etc). Keep in mind that not all triggers affect everyone. It is best for you to keep a journal of what you eat each day and see what days you get migraines.
Lastly, some people get migraines on certain days of the week. This is often because of stress or work related issues that cause stress. Many people also get migraines because of lack of sleep or an unstable sleep schedule. Pregnancy can also cause migraine attacks.
If you suffer from migraines, know that there are many who feel your pain. Do some research and work with your doctor to find out what may be triggering your migraine attacks. This way, you can learn to avoid these triggers and perhaps have less migraines. Then you can put that drill away!

Mango Nutrition Facts

The earliest mention of mango, Mangifera indica, meaning "mango-bearing plant from India," is in the Hindu scripture dating back to 4000 BCE. The wild mango originated in the foothills of the Himalayas of India and Burma, and about 40 to 60 of these trees still grow in India and Southeast Asia. However, with its tiny fruits, fibrous texture, and unpleasant turpentine taste, there is little resemblance to the superlative mango we have come to enjoy today.
As the mango became cultivated, as early as 2000 BCE, its flavor, size, and texture developed into the exotic, richly flavored succulent treat we enjoy today.
Mangos are an excellent source of vitamins A and C, and for those who are physically active, whether working out or constantly on the go, mangos are a great way to replenish that lost potassium.
An average sized mango can contain up to 40% of your daily fiber requirement. If you are eating your mango-a-day, irregularity is not a problem for you and so we'll spare the gruesome details regarding constipation, piles and spastic colon.
Research has shown that dietary fiber has a protective effect against degenerative diseases, especially with regards to the heart; may help prevent certain types of cancer, as well as lowering blood cholesterol levels.

Low Blood Sugar

Low blood sugar, often referred to as hypoglycemia, can affect anyone at any age. However it is more common among babies and the elderly.
Low blood sugar basically means that you have a low amount of sugar (glucose) in your blood, usually below 60 mg/dL. At a level of 50 mg/dL is thought to affect the functioning of the human brain. This is due to the fact that glucose is the primary source of fuel for the brain. It is also required to fuel the muscles, cells and ensure the correct functioning of hormones, such as insulin, glucagon and epinephrine.
Insulin, as well as glucagon are both manufactured in the pancreas. Insulin is responsible for the absorption of glucose into the blood stream, while glucagon breaks down the stored glucose (glycogen) and releases it into the blood stream. Epinephrine, also known as adrenalin, is manufactured in the adrenal gland and its role is to elevate blood sugar levels, by making the glucose available for the body during stressful periods.
When these systems do not work properly, hypoglycemia may occur. Common causes of hypoglycemia include the use of alcohol, missing meals, infections, kidney or liver failure, tumours such as hepatoma, fibrosarcoma and mesothelioma, medication such as beta-blockers or over-medicating with insulin, among others.
Symptoms include hunger pangs, anxiety, sweating, rapid heart palpitations, and shaking, seizures, headaches, confusion and difficulty thinking.
If you suspect that you have hypoglycemia seek immediate medical attention before the condition worsens.

Lychee Fruit Nutrition Facts

Native to China, the Philippines and India, lychees are a delicious fruit which will add flavor to fruit salads. Lychees are eaten fresh or dried, but canned lychees have become very popular.
Unfortunately, lychees don't have a startlingly long shelf life, and are relatively easily damaged in transport and handling. The trees themselves bear heavily when the conditions suit them, but they are notoriously demanding in climatic conditions. So they will always be a luxury fruit, except as a canned fruit.
Sun or fire dried lychees are known as lychee-nuts and taste a bit like a raisin.
At 72mg of vitamin C per 100 grams of flesh, lychees are a very good source for this essential vitamin. Three lychee fruits would meet a third of an adult’s daily vitamin C requirement.
Lychees are also a good source of riboflavin, potassium and copper.

The Health Benefits of Lemons

The simple, garden-variety lemon is very much understated. Lemons are very common and we see them everywhere. We use them to make lemonade, mix them into our drinks to add a little zing, they remove hard stains, are an all-around deodorizer and air freshener and we use them in our cooking as both an ingredient and garnish. Maybe we should stop and take another look at this yellow wonder because it may change what you think of it. When the world gives you lemons, there's a whole lot more you can make with them than just lemonade.
In traditional medicine, the lemon is widely known for its healing powers and is used in many different ways. In fact, the lemon is so powerful that it was used by the Romans as their cure for all types of poison.
Although the lemon is often thought of as acidic, it is very effective in curing many digestion problems when mixed with hot water, including biliousness, nausea, heartburn, disorders of the lower intestines like constipation and worm infestations. It is even known to relieve hiccups. Water plus a few lemons becomes lemon juice. Lemon juice, when taken regularly in the morning, acts as a tonic to the liver and stimulates it to produce bile making it ready to digest the day's food. It is also thought to help dissolve gallstones. Because of its high vitamin C content, it is thought to help prevent and treat many infections, hasten wound healing and temper down high fever. Lemon juice also relieves symptoms of asthma, tonsillitis and sore throat.
Lemon is also a diuretic. This means it is good for people with urinary tract infections and high uric acid problems, such as those with arthritis or rheumatism because it helps flush out all the toxins and bad bacteria. When lemon is mixed with coffee, it is thought to help treat malaria. This concoction is also effective for headaches.
When externally applied, lemon juice that is poured onto a small piece of cotton wool and gently applied to the nostrils could stop epistaxis (more commonly known as nose bleeds) although this may sting a bit. When massaged gently into gums, lemon juice may also stop gum bleeding. Lemon juice with glycerin is effective when used on the lips to treat chapping. This may be a little strange but lemon juice applied on your skin can also help prevent sunburn.
Lemons are also used as balms in highly concentrated forms. Some may know them as "cure-alls". Lemon balms are known for their ability to break fevers by encouraging the patient's body to perspire. Because of this, lemon balms are recommended for all fevers, no matter what the cause. Lemon balms are also popular treatments for cough and colds, even hay fever. Balms are also used in the treatment of flatulence and other digestive conditions. Menstrual cramps are relieved by lemon balms, as are dizziness, headaches and high blood pressure.
Psychologically, lemon balm is used to lift people's spirits, especially those who are undergoing menopause and are depressed, because it will calm anxieties, clear their minds and center their focus. It also supposedly improves memory storage and recall.

Kiwi Nutrition Facts

The kiwi originated in China and was known as the Chinese gooseberry until New Zealand fruit growers renamed it for their national bird and began exporting it. Today, kiwi fruit is also a commercial crop in California.
Kiwi is bursting with vitamin C. One kiwi has 120 percent of the RDA for this disease-protective vitamin, says Dr. Barry Sears in his book The Top 100 Zone Foods. Besides helping to boost your immune system, vitamin C is an antioxidant that can protect your arteries from the damaging effects of free radicals. Kiwi is also rich in dietary fiber, and a good source of potassium, copper, magnesium, vitamin E, and manganese.
The protective properties of kiwi have been demonstrated in a study with 6- and 7-year-old children in northern and central Italy. The more kiwi or citrus fruit these children consumed, the less likely they were to have respiratory-related health problems including wheezing, shortness of breath, or night coughing. In another study, human volunteers who ate 2 to 3 kiwi fruit per day for 28 days reduced their platelet aggregation response (potential for blood clot formation) by 18% compared to controls eating no kiwi. In addition, kiwi eaters' triglycerides (blood fats) dropped by 15% compared to controls.
For the sweetest, fullest flavor, choose plump, fragrant kiwi fruit that yield to gentle pressure, like ripe peaches. Unripe fruit has a hard core and a tart, astringent taste. If only firm kiwis are available, ripen them for a few days before eating them. Reject shriveled or mushy fruits, or those with bruises or wet spots.
To ripen firm kiwis — according to the website Wholehealthmd.com — leave them at room temperature, but away from heat or direct sunlight, for a few days to a week. Hasten ripening by placing them in a paper bag with an apple, pear, or banana. Once a kiwi fruit is ripe, however, store it far from other fruits, as it is very sensitive to the ethylene gas they emit, and tends to overripen even in the refrigerator. Ripe kiwis should keep for about one to two weeks.

Kidney stone prevention

• Drink more liquids. Drinking 8-10 glasses of liquid each day helps to keep the urine dilute, which reduces the concentration of stone forming minerals in the urine. At least half of the liquid should be water; the other liquids could be any beverages you like.
• Reduce the amount of salt you eat.
• Be sure your diet contains adequate amounts of calcium.
• Avoid those foods which can increase the amount of oxalate or uric acid in the urine: chocolate, anchovies, rhubarb, caviar, greens, herring, berries, scallops, peanuts, mussels, asparagus, organ meats (liver, kidneys, brains), tea, meat, extracts, broth, bouillon, consommé.
• Cranberry is known to help some people develop fewer kidney stones.

Kidney Stones

What is a kidney stone?
Kidney stones are hard, stone-like masses, formed out of crystals found in the urine.
A stone may stay in the kidney or break loose and travel down the urinary tract. A small stone may pass all the way out of the body without causing too much pain. A larger stone may get stuck in a ureter, the bladder, or the urethra. A problem stone can block the flow of urine and cause great pain.
Researches have proved that kidney stones are no modern ailment; the remains of a 7,000-year-old mummy revealed that even the ancient Egyptians suffered from them.
Causes of kidney stones
Doctors still don’t know exactly what causes a kidney stone to form.
More than 90% of individuals with kidney stones have a chemical abnormality of blood or urine that contributes to the tendency to form the stones.
At one time, it was believed that certain foods caused people to develop kidney stones. Recent findings, however, suggest that foods may promote the formation of kidney stones in those who are susceptible, but it doesn’t seem that particular foods have any bearing on the formation of kidney stones in a person who is not susceptible. People who have a family history of kidney stones are more likely to develop them.
Not drinking enough water or other fluids may also contribute to forming stones. Inadequate fluid intake causes the kidneys to produce less urine, as well as urine that is highly concentrated. The smaller the daily volume of urine, the more likely it is that a person would form kidney stones.
The truth of the matter is that kidney stones may form for a variety of reasons: urinary tract infections, kidney disorders and certain metabolic disorders such as hyperparathyroidism have all been linked to the formation of kidney stones. Seventy percent of those who suffer from renal tubular acidosis, an unusual hereditary disease, develop kidney stones and the condition is most prominent in men, from ages 40-70. Women get stones less frequently than men, but occasionally they do occur, usually around the age of 50.
The most common kidney stones are calcium-based and related to a condition known as hypercalciuria, an inherited condition which causes stones when calcium is consumed in excess. Some other causes can include cystinuria and hyperoxaluria (two rare, inherited disorders of the metabolism), hyperuricosuria (a disorder of the uric acid metabolism), gout, excess intake of Vitamin D, blockage of the urinary tract (as in urethral stricture disease), and some diuretics. Even calcium-based antacids have been known to cause problems in some people.
Additionally, people with chronic inflammation of the bowel or those who have had an intestinal bypass surgery or ostomy operation may be at risk, as well as those who take a protease inhibitor known as endeavor, which is commonly used to treat HIV related infections.
One thing that is known: once a person gets a kidney stone, he is more likely to develop more of them in the future.
Types of kidney stones
1. Calcium phosphate stones are common and easily dissolve in urine acidified by vitamin C.
2. Calcium oxalate stones are also common but they do not dissolve in acid urine.
3. Magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) stones are much less common, often appearing after an infection. They dissolve in vitamin C acidified urine.
4. Uric acid stones result from a problem metabolizing purines (the chemical base of adenine, xanthine, theobromine [in chocolate] and uric acid). They may form in a condition such as gout.
5. Cystine stones result from a hereditary inability to reabsorb cystine. Most children's stones are this type, and these are rare.
Symptoms of kidney stones
While kidney stones don’t always cause symptoms, most of the time they do. The first symptom of a kidney stone is usually extreme pain. Kidney stones block the flow of urine and pain occurs when the stones try to shift and move. This causes a sharp, cramping pain, usually in the back and side in the area of the kidney or in the lower abdomen, and may be accompanied by a blood-tinted urine. Occasionally nausea and vomiting will accompany the pain and the patient may experience the need to urinate more. However, when they do go to urinate, they may experience a pressure and burning sensation. If there is a presence of fever or chill, though, this suggests that there may be an infection and one should seek a doctor immediately.
Kidney stone treatmentFortunately, surgery is rarely necessary for the removal of kidney stones and most usually pass naturally. Drinking 2-3 quarts of water per day may help to flush out the system.
When a person cannot pass the stone through the urine, however, there are treatments available to remove or crush them, including:
• Inserting a small instrument through the urethra (the tube through which a person passes urine from the body) to “snare” the stone and remove it.
• Shock wave lithotripsy, whereby the stone is crushed. Once the stone is crushed, a person can pass the smaller pieces.

Kava: A Healthy Way to Relieve Stress

Piper methsyticum, or Kava, has become one of the most popular herbs in recent years.
The Kava plant has a large root and is related to the pepper family of shrubbery. Largely found in the South Pacific, it has evolved from over 3,000 years of human cultivation.
Due to Kava’s recent popularity, the herb is becoming a victim of supply and demand, with the supply decreasing and the demand increasing. Kava takes up to five years to cultivate, which makes it difficult for suppliers and growers to keep up with the public’s desire for the herb.
Kava was used by the Germans in the 1890s for pharmaceuticals relating to blood pressure; before then, it was utilized by the Polynesians. The natives used a brew from the root and leaves said to be as cherished as wine was with the Europeans. Kava has been used to treat anxiety/nervous disorders, migraines, and bladder problems.
Today, we use and know Kava as a non-addictive way to sooth nerves and relax. In small, recommended doses, no side effects have been found for Kava. However, large dosages of Kava can have a sedative effect, which means that one should avoid alcohol, driving, and operating heavy machinery when taking heavy amounts.
The “kava” lactones, which are the plant chemicals that produce the desired effects, have been studied in the use of relaxing stiff muscles by blocking signals in the user’s nerves.
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A 1993 double-blind case study conducted by scientist H.J. Heinze compared the effects of Kava versus the effects of . The sedating effects found with the users were not found with the Kava users; they were able to perform tasks users are told to avoid.
A 1996 German study revealed that doses of one hundred milligrams, taken up to three times a day, relieved anxiety in a group of 58 people. Scientists at Jena University in Germany gave 101 study participants either Kava or a placebo for 25 weeks. The individuals who took Kava became less anxious than the placebo users. The researchers and scientists concluded that doctors should consider Kava when treating patients with anxiety disorders.
Kava comes prepared as caplets, capsules, tablets, tinctures, teas, and dry bulk. The “Pill” type available is mostly standardized, so you should read labels and check the manufacturer. If it doesn’t say “standardized” on the label or list Kava as the first (and preferably only) ingredient, try another brand. Remember, follow doses listed on the label, and if you are unsure of something, ask the nutritionist or herbalist in your health store.
Kava’s reputation is growing for a variety of reasons. It has been said that Kava produces a hallucinogenic effect or, that it mimics some illegal drugs. That is not the case. It should be sought out only for its intended use: the soothing of nerves.
Don’t take Kava if you are pregnant, lactating, or in a depressive state. Depression is different from anxiety, and Kava does not have positive results on the depressed individual.
Kava may help sooth your nerves and the daily pressures associated with anxiety. Since anxiety is such a prevalent disorder, the prospect of treating it in a non-addictive way has people beating a path to their local health food stores. Try and get in line early, folks, because when demand is greater than supply, shelves become empty and prices go up — and spending a lot of money will only make you more anxious.

Kale Nutrition and Health Benefits

When you mention kale, the majority will look up with raised eyebrows and mumble, "What?" "What's that?" An old, hardly spoken of and powerful green food. Kale is a leafy green vegetable with a mild earthy flavor. The season for kale is between mid-winter and early spring where it can be found in abundance in most produce sections of the local grocery store. However, one can find kale year round. Thankfully, kale is starting to garner well-deserved attention due to its nutrient rich phytochemical content, which provides unparalleled health promoting benefits.
Kale is absolutely rich and abundant in calcium, lutein, iron, and vitamins A, C, and K. Kale has seven times the beta-carotene of broccoli and ten times more lutein. Kale is rich in vitamin C, not to mention the much-needed fiber so lacking in the daily diet of processed food eating Americans. The "Icing on the Kale" are the natural occurring all-important phytochemicals sulforaphane and indoles which research suggests may protect against cancer. Let's not forget the all-important antioxidant vitamin E. Rest assured, kale spares nothing in providing one with much needed nutrients and associated health benefits.
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The naturally rich sulfur content of kale deserves a bit more discussion. Science has discovered that sulforaphane helps boost the body's detoxification enzymes, possibly by altering gene expression. This in turn is purported to help clear carcinogenic substances in a timely manner. Sulforaphane is formed when cruciferous vegetables like kale are chopped or chewed. This somehow triggers the liver to produce enzymes that detoxify cancer-causing chemicals, to which we all are exposed on a daily basis. A recent new study in the Journal of Nutrition (2004) demonstrates that sulforaphane helps stop breast cancer cell proliferation.
Kale descends from the wild cabbage, which originated in Asia and is thought to have been brought to Europe by the Celts. Kale was an important food item in early European history and a crop staple in ancient Rome. Kale was brought to the USA during the 17th century by English settlers.
A leafy green vegetable starting to gain widespread attention, kale belongs to the Brassica family, a group that also includes cabbage, collard greens and Brussels sprouts. Choose kale with small leaves as they will be tenderer and offer a sweeter taste. Make kale leaves a regular addition to your salads. A sautéed side dish of kale, onions, and garlic drizzled in olive oil is second to none. Enjoy your kale. You'll be glad you did.

Jasmine Essential Oil

Jasmine grandiflorum is known as “the king of flowers” and with good reason. It's one of the oldest and most widely used of all scented botanicals. Native to tropical areas of Asia and Africa, it was introduced to Europe in the early 17th century and quickly became the base note of choice for perfumers.
Jasmine blossoms are extremely fragile, must be hand-picked and then processed quickly and without heat to avoid degradation of the delicate volatile oils. In fact, jasmine blossoms are so delicate that jasmine is one of the few essential oils still being routinely manufactured by the ancient process of enfleurage.
Jasmine in Aromatherapy
Jasmine is probably best known as an aphrodisiac. Very little scientific evidence supports this practice but that doesn't stop people in Thailand from sprinkling the blossoms on the marriage bed of newlyweds or aromatherapists in the U.S. from prescribing the essential oil for severe .
Jasmine has long been regarded as a “woman's oil”. Traditional Chinese medicine and the Indian system of Ayurveda both use it extensively. Dr. Christoph Streicher calls jasmine, “hormone balancing”, and recommends that it be massaged into the abdomen to ease the pains of childbirth.
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Jasmine is also thought of as a natural antidepressant. Aromatherapists believe that it's especially effective for people suffering symptoms of apathy and fatigue. They believe that jasmine works, in part, by reducing fears and opening up emotional pathways.
Choosing a Good Jasmine Essential Oil
Jasminum grandiflorum, or “true” jasmine, has a heavy exotic scent that isn't at all flowery. Though other species of jasmine are also used in perfumery, J. grandiflorum is the one most perfumers consider the “real” jasmine. It has a dark amber color and a heavy, exotic scent that appeals to both men and women. The scent of jasmine fills the nose with a warm, full sensation. A good jasmine will smell only slightly “floral” and will never smell of solvents.
Jasmine is a considered base note that blends extremely well with other essential oils. Its ability to ground nearly any synergistic blend makes it irreplaceable in aromatherapy. Jasmine blends especially with sweet orange, sandalwood and vetiver.

Japanese Encephalitis: Symptoms, Causes

Japanese encephalitis is an infection of the brain caused by a virus. The virus is transmitted to humans by mosquitoes.
The virus that causes Japanese encephalitis is called an arbovirus, which is an arthropod-borne virus. Mosquitoes in a number of regions carry this virus and are responsible for passing it along to humans. Many of these areas are in Asia, including Japan, Korea, China, India, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Taiwan, and the Philippines.
Causes and Symptoms
The virus is transferred to a human when an infected mosquito sucks that person's blood. Once in the body, the virus travels to various glands where it multiplies. The virus can then enter the bloodstream. Ultimately, the virus settles in the brain, where it causes serious problems.
Japanese encephalitis begins with fever, severe headache, nausea, and vomiting. As the tissue covering the brain and spinal cord (the meninges) becomes infected and swollen, the patient will develop a stiff and painful neck. By day two or three, the patient begins to suffer the effects of swelling in the brain. These effects include:
Problems with balance and coordination
Paralysis of some muscle groups
Tremors
Seizures
Lapses in consciousness
A stiff, mask-like appearance of the face.
The patient becomes dehydrated and loses weight. If the patient survives the illness, the fever will decrease by about day seven and the symptoms will begin to improve by about day 14. Other patients will continue to have extremely high fevers and their symptoms will get worse. In these cases, coma and then death occur in 7-14 days. Many patients who recover have permanent disabilities due to brain damage.
Prevention
A three-dose vaccine is available for Japanese encephalitis and is commonly given to young children in areas where the disease is endemic. Travelers to these regions can also receive the vaccine.
Controlling the mosquito population with insecticides is another preventive measure. Visitors to regions with high rates of Japanese encephalitis should take precautions (like using mosquito repellents and sleeping under a bed net) to avoid contact with mosquitoes.
Treatment
There are no treatments available to stop or slow the progression of Japanese encephalitis. Only the symptoms of each patient can be treated. Fluids are given to decrease dehydration and medications are given to decrease fever and pain. Medications are available to attempt to decrease brain swelling. Patients in a coma may require mechanical assistance with breathing.
While the majority of people infected with arbovirus never become sick, those who develop Japanese encephalitis become very ill. Some outbreaks have a 50% death rate. A variety of long-term problems may haunt those who recover from the illness.
Young children are most likely to have serious, long-term problems after an infection

The Importance of Iron for Athletes

Iron is particularly important for active individuals, says Dr. Brian J. Sharkey in his book Fitness and Health. "Much of the iron absorbed in the blood goes into the production of hemoglobin, the compound in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the working muscles. Iron is also used in muscle myoglobin to transport and store oxygen, and in important oxidative (aerobic) enzymes.
"Individuals who are deficient in iron risk anemia and poor endurance. Since only 10% to 20% of the iron in food is absorbed into the bloodstream, athletes must take in 10 times the amount needed," says Dr. Sharkey. "Lean meat is a rich source of iron, and the iron in meat is also more readily absorbed than that from other sources."
Other animal sources rich in iron include liver, kidney, chicken, turkey, tripe, shellfish, and fish (tinned, fresh or frozen). Non-animal sources rich in iron include dried fruit, nuts, molasses, wholegrain breads, dried beans and lentils, green leafy vegetables, and iron-fortified cereals.

Hyssop Herb and Oil

Hyssop leaves are said to contain oils that act as general cleansers and purifiers throughout the body. In the Bible (John 19:28, 29) hyssop is referred to as a holy herb. Traditionally, Tibetan lamas would offer hyssop to their deities during sacred and secret services.
Prepared as an infusion, hyssop will soothe colic, improve digestion and eliminate flatulence. It is an excellent nerve tonic, and also helps one to build up strength after an illness. It is recommended for coughs (try combining with other cough remedies) colds, flu, and as a gargle for sore throats.
A tea made with the fresh green tops, and drunk several times daily, is one of the old-fashioned country remedies for rheumatism that is still employed. Hyssop baths have also been recommended as part of the cure, but the quantity used would need to be considerable.
Hyssop essential oil is used to relieve tension and stress. As with all essential oils add a few drops of the essential oil to a carrier oil. Massage this oil into the aching area. It is also used for viral infections, hay fever, eczema and circulatory problems.
Do not use this oil if you are suffering from epilepsy. Usage should also be avoided during pregnancy.

Hypoglycemia: Symptoms,

If your doctor tells you that you suffer from hypoglycemia, he must then tell you the cause because low blood sugar is the result of something going wrong in your body. It is not a cause.
Your brain gets more than 98 percent of its energy from sugar in your bloodstream. There is only enough sugar in your bloodstream to last about three minutes, so your liver constantly releases sugar from its cells into your bloodstream. But your liver can store only enough sugar to last 12 hours at rest, so it must manufacture new sugar from protein and other energy stores.
When blood sugar levels drop, you may feel anxious, shaky, sweaty, hungry, a tingling in your skin or your heart may beat rapidly. More severe symptoms include confusion, a sensation of warmth, weakness or fatigue, loss of memory and in its extreme, seizures and passing out. As you suffer repeat attacks of low blood sugar, they affect you less and your symptoms lessen.
There are two types of low blood sugar. First, when your blood sugar rises too high, causing your pancreas to release a large amount of insulin that drops your blood sugar too low, and second, a slow drop in blood sugar caused by your liver running out of stored sugar. Doctors used to think that insulin-induced hypoglycemia follows meals and that your liver running out of sugar doesn't follow meals, but they now know that both types can occur any time.
It is almost impossible to diagnose hypoglycemia by drawing blood after you suffer an attack of dizziness, weakness or fainting because your body produces adrenaline immediately and raises blood sugar levels to normal before your doctor can draw blood. It can be diagnosed by feeding you lots of sugar and measuring your blood sugar level every half-hour for several hours. If you indeed suffer from hypoglycemia, your doctor then has to find a cause, which might include liver damage, an inadequate amount or excess of many different hormones, tumors or glandular abnormalities.
About The AuthorDr. Gabe Mirkin has been a radio talk show host for 25 years and practicing physician for more than 40 years; he is board certified in four specialties, including sports medicine. Read or listen to hundreds of his fitness and health reports at http://www.drmirkin.com/
OTHER RESOURCES:
Hypoglemia: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment on Medicinenet.comHypoglycemia is the clinical syndrome that results from low blood sugar. The symptoms of hypoglycemia can vary from person to person, as can the severity. Classically, hypoglycemia is diagnosed by a low blood sugar with symptoms that resolve when the sugar level returns to the normal range. Read more…
Hypoglycemia at MayoClinic.comHypoglycemia is a condition characterized by an abnormally low level of blood sugar (glucose), your body's main energy source. Hypoglycemia is commonly associated with diabetes. However, a wide variety of conditions, many of them rare, can cause low blood sugar in people without diabetes. Like fever, hypoglycemia isn't a disease itself, it's an indicator of a health problem. Read more…
Hypoglycemia DietHypoglycemia is the term for a blood glucose level that is lower than normal. When foods are digested in the body, they are broken down into many nutrients. These nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream to be used in performing various body functions. One of these nutrients is glucose, a sugar that provides fuel to the body. Read more…

Natural Ways to Lower Your Blood Pressure

Although in most cases hypertension is symptomless, in severe cases it can cause headaches, shortness of breath, dizziness and visual disturbances. Anyone who experiences any of these symptoms should see their GP immediately.
There are plenty of non-pharmacological measures you can take to lower your blood pressure, or prevent it from becoming too high. The British Hypertensive Society recommends:
losing excess weight
taking regular dynamic physical exercise (such as a brisk 20-minute walk each day)
increasing your daily intake of fruit and vegetables (7 portions a day)
limiting your alcohol intake.

Honey Nutrition Facts

Honey, the sweet, sticky substance created by a colony of bees, offers an excellent source of simple carbohydrates. For each tablespoon of honey consumed, the body is supplied with 64 calories of pure energy.
Honey is considered a natural substance, and according to the United States National Honey Board, it's a natural product that does not allow for the addition of other substances, such as water and sweeteners.
In the United States there are about 300 varieties of honey and each one differs depending on the floral source that the bees visit. Each type of honey not only has its own taste, but varies in color too. Generally, the lighter the honey, the milder the flavor.
Honey's composition, on average, is 17.1 % water, 82.4 % carbohydrates and 0.5 % proteins, amino acids, vitamins and minerals. The average carbohydrate content is mainly fructose (38.5 %) and glucose (31 %). The remaining 12.9 % of carbohydrates is made up of maltose, sucrose and other sugars.
Unlike most other sweeteners, honey contains small amounts of a wide array of vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and antioxidants. Vitamins in honey include vitamin B6, vitamin C, thiamin, niacin, riboflavin, and pantothenic acid. Essential minerals including calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, and zinc as well as several different amino acids have been identified in honey. One antioxidant called "pinocembrin" is only found in honey.
Honey is fat free, cholesterol free and sodium free.
Apart from its culinary and medicinal properties, honey has often been used as a metaphor by many famous people, including Abraham Lincoln who is quoted to have said, "The only reason for being a bee that I know of is making honey . . . and the only reason for making honey is so I can eat it."

Homeopathic Treatment

Homeopathy is a therapeutic system that seeks to restore the body’s harmony. It stimulates the body’s innate forces of recovery and triggers it to heal itself.
The term is taken from Greek words — homoios meaning “like” and patheia meaning “disease” or “suffering”, and the system works on the principle that “like heals like.” Essentially, what this means is that a substance which, when given to health individuals, produces particular symptoms may be given to help the recovery of a patient whose illness is displaying similar symptoms to those seen in healthy people. For example, we all know that stinging nettles produce itchy, burning skin. Interestingly, someone who is sick and whose illness present itchy, blistering skin may be given homeopathically prepared Urtica urens (a decoction made from stinging nettles) as a remedy.
Correct homeopathic treatment has regard for the whole person and his or her way of life. The assumption is that the body can fight the sickness, so the treatment aims to help stimulate the body to do its natural job. Different treatments are selected for different people, even though they may be suffering from the same disease.
It can be demonstrated in the laboratory that while a large dose of poison kills, a minute dose of the same poison can stimulate the cellular function vital to produce a natural antidote.
Although the principle of curing “like with like” was recognized by Hippocrates back in the fifth century, the origins of the modern system go back to Dr. Samuel Hahnemann, a German physician who lived and worked in the eighteenth century. He discovered that when he took cinchona bark it produced malaria-type symptoms, which he found curious since cinchona (later known as quinine) was the very drug given to treat malaria.

Hand Care

When you hear about wrinkles and skin aging, your first thoughts are about face and neck. But the earliest signs of aging will show on your hands.
Often neglected, hands need to be regularly taken care of. Frequent contacts with water and chemicals, sun, cold weather, gardening — all put your skin under a big stress. While hands do not have many oil glands, they will give away your age earlier than your pampered face. In the meantime, it has been noticed that after making eye contact, the next thing people pay attention to is your hands.
What can you do to keep your hands beautiful?
# Moisturize! Several times a day. Dry skin is easily injured and looks wrinkled.# Protect your hands — wear gloves when gardening, washing dishes, or dealing with chemicals# Use sun protection# Keep your hands dry; any water left on your hands will evaporate and dry out the skin.# Give your hands a special treatment — herbal or oil bath — once in a while.
Here are a few suggestions for your next hand spa:
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Herbal hand bath
Bring 1 qt of water to boil and pour over 1 tbsp of herbs (you can use all of these or just one: chamomile, nettle, sage, coltsfoot, calendula). Let the infusion cool to 100-110F and soak your hands in it for about 15-20 minutes. Dry your hands thoroughly and apply a rich moisturizer.
You can make your own nourishing hand cream
Thoroughly mix 1 teaspoon of honey and 3 tbsp of unsalted butter. Add 1 tbsp of strong herbal infusion. This will make a very rich cream. It will take a while to absorb, but leave your hands silky and smooth.
For dry skin use this hand treatment 1-2 times a week
1 tbsp glycerin1 egg yolk2 tbsp vegetable oil (olive, almond, or another oil of your choice)lemon juice of 1 lemon3 1/2 – 4 oz of an herbal infusion (for example: chamomile, calendula, elderflower) or rose water.
Other tips
Mashed potatoes (with milk) will make a great hand mask.When cooking with eggs, don’t throw the eggshells away. Scrape out the remaining egg white and spread it over your hands.Rubbing your skin with a piece of lemon will give the skin a more even tone.After washing dishes or dealing with other alkali detergents, rinse your hands with sour milk or with a vinegar-in-water solution (1 tbsp. vinegar per 2qt of water). This will help to restore pH balance of the skin.Keep your hands warm. Not only for the sake of better skin, but for your overall health.Flue and colds often start with cold hands.

Green Tea Health Benefits

The benefits of green tea have been touted by the Chinese and Asian cultures for centuries. Finally, the West is catching on and is discovering the healing properties of this simple beverage. In the past, it has been used to help with headaches, depression, general malaise and other disorders. The Chinese have used green tea as a medicine for at least 4,000 years.
Currently, research is being done to find evidence of the health benefits that are associated with green tea. The evidence is staggering.
Research at the University of Purdue showed that there is a compound in green tea that inhibits the growth of cancer cells.
Research has shown that drinking green tea may be helpful for people with cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, infection, cardiovascular disease, high cholesterol and reduced immune function.
A publication in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute in 1994 showed that consuming green tea actually offered a 60% reduction to the risk of esophageal cancer in Chinese men and women.
Studies have shown that drinking green tea lowers cholesterol and improves the "good" cholesterol (HDL) while decreasing the "bad" cholesterol (LDL)!
Green tea has certain properties that give it its healing abilities. It is very rich in catechin polyphenols, particularly EGCG. EGCG, or epigallocatechin gallate, is a very powerful antioxidant. It inhibits the growth of cancer cells and can actually kill them, yet it does not harm healthy tissue. It has also been shown as being quite effective in lowering LDL cholesterol -- the "bad" cholesterol. It has also been shown to inhibit the abnormal formation of blood clots which are the leading cause of heart attack and stroke.
At this time, the only drawback to green tea -- its only negative side effect -- is that it contains caffeine. This can lead to insomnia, especially if you are more sensitive to caffeine. The good news is that green tea contains less caffeine than coffee. There are also decaffeinated versions of green tea that are available. But if you drink the tea early in the day, before 4 pm, you should have no problem falling asleep. One worry with the caffeine is that it may become addicting. So use your best judgement.
You may find it interesting that green tea may also aid dieters. The University of Geneva performed a study where they gave men caffeine and green tea. These men burned more calories than men who had only caffeine or were given a placebo.
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Black tea and green tea are not the same. While they all come from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant, the difference is how they are processed. Oolong and black teas come from fermented leaves. This causes the EGCG to be converted to other compounds. These compounds are not as effective in treating disease. Green tea leaves, on the other hand, are steamed. This process prevents the EGCG from being oxidized. Thus, the green tea is richer in EGCG and is not corrupted in any way.
Glyconutrient supplements are another way to help your body get healthy antioxidants into the body. In fact, studies have shown that glyconutritionals help the body to create its own natural antioxidants.
Article by Spencer Hunt of http://www.ifoundhealth.com/
ALSO ON THIS WEBSITE:
Eleven Health Benefits of Green TeaGreen tea is known to provide 10-40mg of polyphenols and has antioxidant activity greater than a serving of spinach, broccoli, carrots, or strawberries. Studies show that green tea contains antioxidants, polyphenols, theanine, as well as a wide variety of vitamins and minerals. Green tea is definitely good for your body. Read more…Green Tea Nutrition FactsGreen tea, the ancient Chinese traditional tea, has been receiving a lot of good publicity due to its many health-promoting benefits. During the processing period, green tea undergoes minimal oxidation, making it one of the healthiest teas available on the market today. Read more…
The Many Benefits of Green Tea ExtractOne of the great advancements in nutrition in the twenty-first century is the scientific confirmation of the many benefits of green tea extract. Read more…

Green Beans Nutrition Facts

Green beans, while quite low in calories (just 43.75 calories in a whole cup), are loaded with nutrients — an excellent source of vitamin K, vitamin C, manganese, vitamin A, dietary fiber, potassium, folate, and iron. And, green beans are a good source of magnesium, thiamin, riboflavin, copper, calcium, phosphorus, protein, omega-3 fatty acids and niacin.
The vitamin K provided by green beans — a spectacular 122.0% of the recommended daily allowance (RDA) in one cup — is important for maintaining strong bones. Vitamin K is known to be needed to maintain proper bone density and to coagulate blood. It plays a key role in proper development of the fetus.
Deficiencies of vitamin K have been linked to heavy menstrual bleeding, gastrointestinal bleeding, hematuria (blood in the urine), nosebleeds, eye hemorrhages, anemia, gum bleeding, prolonged clotting times, hematomas, hemorrhaging, easy bruising, purpura, osteopenia, osteoporosis, fractures, hypercalciuria, and calcification of soft tissue, especially heart valves.
According to the website The World’s Healthiest Foods, few foods compare to green beans in their number of helpful nutrients for atherosclerosis and diabetic heart disease. “Green beans are a very good source of vitamin A, notably through their concentration of beta-carotene, and an excellent source of vitamin C. These two nutrients are important antioxidants that work to reduce the amounts of free radicals in the body, vitamin C as a water-soluble antioxidant and beta-carotene as a fat-soluble one. This water-and-fat-soluble antioxidant team helps to prevent cholesterol from becoming oxidized. Oxidized cholesterol is able to stick to and build up in blood vessel walls, where it can cause blocked arteries, heart attack or stroke. Getting plenty of beta-carotene and vitamin C can help prevent these complications, and a cup of green beans will provide you with 16.6% of the daily value for vitamin A along with 20.2% of the daily value for vitamin C.
“Green beans are also a very good source of fiber, a very good source of potassium and folate, and a good source of magnesium and riboflavin. Each of these nutrients plays a significant cardio-protective role.”
Green beans are among a small number of foods that contain any measurable amount of oxalates, naturally occurring substances found in plants, animals, and human beings. “When oxalates become too concentrated in body fluids, they can crystallize and cause health problems. For this reason, individuals with already existing and untreated kidney or gallbladder problems may want to avoid eating green beans. Oxalates may also interfere with absorption of calcium from the body. For this reason, individuals trying to increase their calcium stores may want to avoid green beans, or if taking calcium supplements, may want to eat green beans 2-3 hours before or after taking their supplements,” says the website The World’s Healthiest Foods.

The Benefits of Grape Seed Extract

As you might expect, the supplement known as grape seed extract is extracted from the seeds, and sometimes the skins as well, of red grapes. These are the same kind of red grapes used to make wine, and the same grapes thought to provide the health benefits that allow the French to eat a fatty diet while staying free of the rampant heart disease that afflicts Americans and other westerners.
Grape seed extract has been used extensively throughout Europe, and it is known to be a rich source of flavonoids, those phytochemicals whose antioxidant properties may exceed those of the more well known vitamin A and vitamin E. Antioxidants are thought to play a role in the prevention of many diseases, due to their ability to reduce the damage done by free radicals in the body.
The most valuable of these flavonoids are thought to be the procyanidolic oligomers. These compounds are known to be strong antioxidants, and they are also thought to help improve blood flow and strengthen the blood vessels. This increased blood circulation may help to strengthen and protect the heart.
This effect on blood flow makes supplementation with grape seed extract a good idea for those who are likely to benefit from increased blood flow. This includes those with leg cramps, diabetes, varicose veins and numbness of the legs and arms. The increased blood flow may even help to treat erectile dysfunction. In addition, eye diseases common to the elderly, like cataracts and macular degeneration, may be prevented by grape seed extract. Grape seed extract is also believed to help combat less serious eye problems such as eye strain.
Grape seed extract is often rubbed directly on the skin as well, and doing so may help people maintain the elasticity of the skin. Many skin creams manufactured in Europe add grape seed extract for just that purpose.
Some studies have shown as well that grape seed extract may help to minimize the damage done by fibromyalgia. This disorder, characterized by its chronic muscle pain and stiffness, does not respond to many traditional treatments, but there is anecdotal evidence to suggest that grape seed oil may be an effective treatment for some sufferers.

Gastric Bypass Complication

Nowadays, gastric bypass surgery is a popular way to help obese people lose weight and keep it off. But, if you're considering this procedure, here's something to keep in mind.
According to a report published in the British Journal of Ophthalmology, you could have problems with a vitamin A deficiency. Normal vitamin A levels are required for appropriate functioning of our immune system, skin, retina, and ocular surface. Without adequate levels of vitamin A in the body, serious systemic consequences can occur, including significant ophthalmic complications leading to potential vision loss and ultimate blindness if the deficiency is not recognised and corrected.
A specialist eye clinic in the UK found that three patients who had extensive intestinal surgery between 20 and 35 years earlier were experiencing increasingly poor eyesight.
Medical experts found that the patients had a vitamin A deficiency, despite them having taken supplements. After two of the patients agreed to vitamin A injections, their vision improved within days.
The trouble, say researchers, is that the increase in popularity of this type of procedure could make vitamin A deficiency increasingly common and it's an essential vitamin for eyesight.

The Health Benefits of Ginger

With the increase in the popularity of alternative and natural health solutions, many of the time-honored medical traditions of the east, such as the use of ginger root, are exciting the interest of clinical researchers. Ginger has a long history of medicinal use, particularly in traditional Chinese medicine and the Ayurvedic healing traditions of India. In recent years, a great deal of clinical research has been done on the potential health benefits of ginger.
Used for thousands of years to ease digestive complaints and nausea, among numerous other ailments, ginger has attracted the attention of numerous researchers throughout the world -- including those seeking a means of easing the side effects of some cancer and Hepatitis C treatments. The University of Michigan Cancer Center participated in a recent study, along with the National Institute for Cancer and the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. This particular study, formally titled as a "Phase II Trial Of Encapsulized Ginger As A Treatment For Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting," was a placebo control, double blind, and randomized.
The initial results seem to be encouraging. According to an article, published January 4, 2006, on the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center website, clinical research has demonstrated that ginger has significant medicinal potential. Suzanna Zick, N.D., MPH, research investigator in family medicine at the University of Michigan Health System, said that in addition to its uses for digestive tract ailments, ginger has been demonstrated to be useful for some types of arthritis.
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Preliminary studies, according to the Maryland Medical Center, indicate that ginger may also benefit health by helping to lower cholesterol and serving to help prevent clotting of the blood. Studies have also indicated that, in a lab setting, "components in ginger may have anti-cancer activity." These early study results do look promising, but further clinical research is needed to determine how ginger can be useful in helping to treat heart disease and certain types of cancer.
The American Cancer Society, while acknowledging the potential health benefits of ginger, advises those that are using blood thinning agents to be sure to consult with their health care provider before using ginger medicinally. That is because some clinical studies indicate that ginger can potentially act as a blood thinning agent. This could prolong bleeding by reducing blood clotting abilities when combined with standard blood thinning or clot prevention medicines. It is because of this that some health care professionals advise pregnant women, especially those with indications of placental or other types of bleeding, to avoid using ginger during their pregnancies.
Further clinical trials and other research will study the potentials that ginger has to benefit health. As with any supplement or alternative medicine option, it is always best to seek the advice of a health care professional, especially when taking other medications or undergoing treatment for serious health conditions.

The Food Pyramid

The Story Behind the Pyramid
Long before the discovery of vitamins and minerals, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) published its first dietary recommendations in 1894. In 1916, the first food guide, called “Food For Young Children” was published. The author, Caroline Hunt, who was also a nutritionist, divided food into 5 groups: milk and meat, cereals, vegetables and fruits, fats and fatty foods, and sugars and sugary foods.
In 1941 a National Nutrition Conference was called to action, prompted by President Franklin Roosevelt. For the first time the USDA came up with the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for Americans to follow. In 1943 the USDA announced the “Basic Seven,” which was a modification of nutritional guidelines, specifically to help people deal with food rationing during World War II. Soon after this, the Basic Four, including milk, meats, fruits and vegetables, and grains, was introduced, to make things easier to understand, and it continued for nearly a generation.
The Food Guide Pyramid
By the 1970's the USDA tried to address the roles of unhealthy foods by adding a fifth category to the Basic Four: fats, sweets and alcoholic beverages, insisting that they only be consumed in moderation. Beginning in 1988, the creation of a graphic to represent the food groups was introduced. Its purpose was to convey three main ideas: variety, proportionality and moderation.
The Food Guide Pyramid was finally released in 1992. Both the graphics and text conveyed variety and proportionality, by both pictures and the size of the food group. In 1994 the nutritional food label was put into effect by the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act, the idea being that now Americans can follow the Food Guide Pyramid easily.
In spite of all this, Americans still remained confused about healthy eating. In 1996 the USDA took a telephone survey, and they discovered that over 40 percent of people agreed with the statement, “There are so many recommendations about healthy ways to eat, it's hard to know what to believe.”
What's Wrong With the Picture?
According to Harvard scientist Dr. Walter Willett, the original USDA Food Pyramid is terribly misleading and flawed. He states that the Pyramid has not kept up with scientific nutritional research. The original food pyramid made a number of blanket claims supporting its food list, such as, all fats are bad; all complex carbohydrates are good; protein is protein; dairy products are essential; potatoes are good for you; and there was no recommendation for exercise. Here is a brief rundown of Dr. Willett's areas of scientific contention:
All fats are bad: Not true, says Dr. Willett. Saturated and trans-fats are bad, but monosaturated and polyunsaturated fats, as well as fats from fish, nuts, olive oil, and grains, are good.
All complex carbohydrates are good: Not true, again. First of all, “six to eleven servings of carbohydrates” is way too much. The Pyramid does not differentiate between refined carbohydrates, such as pasta, and truly complex carbohydrates, such as whole grain cereal and bread.
Protein is protein: Again the doctor disagrees. Some sources of protein are better for you than others. For example, red meat is high quality protein, but it is also high in cholesterol and saturated fat; whereas fish, chicken, turkey, and even pork are lower in saturated fat. Beans and nuts are also excellent sources of protein.
Dairy products are essential: According to Dr. Willett this is also not true. He insists that there is not a calcium crisis in the U.S. “In reality,” he says, “there are studies that suggest that too much calcium can increase a man's chances of getting prostate cancer or a woman getting ovarian cancer.”
Potatoes are good for you: This claim really sets Dr. Willett off, since studies have shown a baked potato to increase blood sugar levels and insulin faster and higher than an equal amount of calories from pure table sugar. One wonders which lucky souls got to be the center of that study!
Guidance on weight, exercise, alcohol, and vitamins are missing: According to Dr. Willett, a healthy diet without exercise is counter-productive, and he believes strongly that one daily alcoholic drink is a healthy choice. And vitamins, he states, are very important.
My Pyramid (Steps to a Healthier You)
On April 19, 2005, the USDA, now under assault from numerous scientific nutrition groups, launched their new food guidance system called “My Pyramid,” giving Americans a website to help them calculate their personal healthy food choices, based upon age and activity.
Trying to understand “My Pyramid” takes a little patience. No longer are the food groups shown in levels. Instead, each group, color-coded, appears more like rays of colored light emanating from a peak and flowing down to the pictures of food at the bottom. One gets a printout of a vague diet and exercise plan, according to your age and the amount of moderate exercise (such as brisk walking) an individual initiates throughout the week.
A 60-year-old woman who walks over 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week will be able to download an eating plan for 1800 calories. The printout shows five columns, in orange, green, red, blue, and violet. Each column includes recommended food choices. For a 60-year-old active woman, the recommended food choices are 6 ounces of grains; 2 1/2 cups of vegetables; 2 cups of fruit; 3 cups of milk; and 5 1/2 ounces of meat and beans. No real distinctions are made within the choices. For instance, beans and lentils appear in both the “vegetables” and the “meat and beans” columns. Fruits are recommended, but fruit juices are not.
No mention is made about a food pyramid for diabetics or heart disease, the two most silent killers of senior women; however, one can look up the American Diabetes Association's (ADA) website to find the Diabetes Food Pyramid.
The Diabetes Food Pyramid
Diabetics have special nutritional needs, and the Diabetes Food Pyramid can be a bit confusing. Since diabetes is not a “one-size-fits-all” disease, one must really understand his or her own disease. The recommendation of the ADA is that the patient meet with a nutritionist. The problem is that conflict between science and opinion. Does the nutritionist follow the government guidelines or the scientific evidence put out by Harvard University? This creates a problem between the two types of diabetes.
There are two main types of diabetes, Type I and Type II. Dietary needs are not the same, depending upon the type of disease, age, and activity level. Type I diabetics must always be on insulin; however, Type II diabetics may be on pills or both pills and insulin. On the other hand, some Type II diabetics may be able to control their disease with diet and exercise.
According to the ADA's website “the exact number of servings you need depends upon your diabetes goals, calorie and nutritional needs, your lifestyle, and the foods you like to eat.” If you have Type II diabetes, you have to ask yourself some honest questions. Are you going to eat donuts and brownies? Well, then you will have to exercise more, test your blood frequently, and take your medicine on time. On the other hand, if you're active and you can restrict your carbohydrate intake, you may be able to control your Type II diabetes with diet and exercise. Every diabetic must test blood sugar levels frequently every day and be under a doctor's care.
The Effectiveness of the Food Pyramid
From the beginning, the USDA's attempt to give people healthier food choices must be applauded. As nutrition science has improved, so has the Pyramid. Now there is enough information available to individuals of every age and activity level. If one uses wisdom, each of us can expect to live a longer and healthier life. The Food Pyramid is only the beginning. The choices are up to you.

First Aid for Burns and Scalds

Burns are due to dry heat (including friction), whereas scalds are due to wet heat (like steam). Burns and scalds must be treated promptly and carefully to limit the effects of the injury and to prevent possible long-term scarring.
Assessing a burn or scald
You will have to assess the depth and extent of the injury.
Depth:
Superficial (1st degree wound): The skin is red and tender and may be swollen. This type of burn or scald is very painful.
2nd degree burn or scald: The skin is blistered and raw. The burn/scald is painful. Extensive burns/scalds of this type can be fatal.
3rd degree burn or scald: The skin is burnt away and damage extends into the muscle and fat layers. There is a pale, waxy look to the area and there may even be charred skin. There is little to no pain associated with this type of injury because nerve endings have been damaged.
Extent:
When assessing the size of a burn 1% is equal to the size of the casualty’s hand.
Type of burn
Extent
Referral
Superficial
9% or less
Own doctor
2nd degree
1-8%9% or more
Own doctorEmergency services
3rd degree
Any extent
Emergency services
When to expect burns/scalds to the mouth and throat:
The face has been burnt.
There is soot around the nose or mouth.
The history of the incident suggests that the casualty inhaled hot fumes or smoke.
The casualty's voice starts to become hoarse.
Burns to the mouth and throat will rapidly start to swell, for this reason it is very important to treat the burns as an emergency, because swelling could restrict breathing.
Dial emergency services
Loosen any tight clothing.

First Aid for Bone Injuries

There are, broadly speaking, two types of bone injuries that concern a first-aider. The one is a fracture, the other a dislocation.
When a bone injury occurs, it is not just the bone that is affected; the surrounding tissue and their functions are also affected.
FRACTURES
A fracture is a break or crack in a bone. Adult bones require considerable force to break, but children's bones are more flexible and supple. These young bones sometimes split instead of breaking. This is called a greenstick fracture.
The elderly's bones aren't as resilient as they used to be and are prone to breaking more easily. The elderly usually break the head of the femur (the upper leg bone) where it connects with the hip.
A fracture where the bone protrudes through the skin is called an open fracture. A fracture without a surface wound is a closed fracture.
Fractures are caused by either direct or indirect force. Direct force is a blow that affects the bone under its impact, causing it to break. Indirect force is when the impact caused a fracture at a distant point, e.g. a twisting action in the ankle breaks a bone in the lower leg or, by falling on outstretched arms you break the collar bone.
Priorities:
If the casualty is unconscious, ensure that the casualty's airway is open, that the casualty is breathing and that there is a carotid pulse.
Control bleeding, but do not apply direct pressure. Press firmly next to the fracture, this is called indirect pressure. Never touch the bone, because this could lead to severe infection.
Immobilize the fracture.
You will notice:
Discomfort around the fracture.
You may notice:
Swelling and bruising.
Pain.
Shortening of the affected limb.
Unusual shape to the affected area.
A grating sound if the bone ends move.
Difficulty and discomfort in movement.
With fractures of the small bones in the hands and feet, there may be normal movement accompanied by severe discomfort, but little visible signs of injury.
Note:
With fractures of bones that protect the body's organs (skull, ribs, pelvis etc.) always suspect underlying organ injuries.
DISLOCATIONS
Following a strong wrenching force or a violent contraction of muscles, it is possible for a bone to become displaced at a joint. It most commonly happens at the shoulder, finger, thumb and jaw.
You will notice:
Swelling.
Discomfort.
You may notice:
Pain.
An unusual shape to the affected joint.
Bruising. Treatment:
Do not try to force the dislocated part back in its socket.
Put a cold compress on the affected area.
Seek medical attention.

Depression Hurts

Like happiness, times of sadness are inevitable. When we lose a loved one, experience disappointment, or become discouraged, it is normal to feel sad. Midlife also offers a season of “blue” feelings, as children leave home to begin lives of their own, and age begins to affect our body.
But when sadness lingers for long periods of time and colors the world drab, when fatigue zaps energy and emotional enthusiasm wanes, and when feelings of melancholy rob the quality of life . . . that is depression.
Depression hurts; not only the sufferer, but family and close friends as well. In fact, depression can drastically affect a person’s life and health in very negative ways.
“Clinical Depression” is defined as depression that lasts for weeks, months, or even years at a time. Symptoms vary from person to person, and can be mild, moderate, or severe. But the biggest difference between an “ordinary” episode of sadness and Clinical Depression is that in Clinical Depression, symptoms are present most of the day, nearly every day, for a period of at least two weeks.
Depression can negatively affect suffers in a variety of ways. Sleep, appetite, intimacy, and energy can all be affected. Relationships with family and friends can suffer. The ability to think, concentrate, and function is crippled. Hope and enjoyment of every day life can escape the sufferer as interest in daily activities diminishes, and the will to survive seems unimportant.
Not everyone will experience the same group of symptoms, or any individual symptom to the same extent. However, the more symptoms the person experiences, the greater the odds are that they have Clinical Depression.
Let’s take a closer look at the symptoms of Clinical Depression.
Ongoing feelings of sadness that lasts for weeks: The person may not even be able to talk about their feelings of sadness, or explain “why” they feel that way. But family and friends can easily tell something is wrong. The person looks and behaves downcast; something is bothering them, something is making them sad.
Persons who become sad or upset when they experience something significant such as the loss of a job, relationship or money difficulties, or another problem are behaving normally. Their outlook on life and attitude improves in time, or when the situation that first upset them improves. This is not Clinical Depression.
For sufferers of Clinical Depression, the sadness seems to have come from nowhere, and without warning. Things may be going well in their present day to day life, but they become increasingly “swallowed up” by feelings of melancholy and sadness. They may be confused about their sadness, but feel helpless to change how they feel.
Feelings of emptiness take root: When asked, the person may say they feel “nothing,” as opposed to feeling sad or “blue.” There is a deep emptiness or numbness inside. They may feel as though they are going through life in slow motion. They may respond exactly the same to good or bad news. They feel hollow inside; going through the motions of living without enthusiasm.
A loss of interest in things once enjoyable: Persons who suffer from Clinical Depression lose interest in hobbies and activities they once enjoyed. In fact, they seem to have lost their ability to experience any enjoyment. Intimacy suffers; some persons lose all desire for .
The ability to concentrate, remember, or make decisions becomes increasingly difficult: One of the first signs that the person is having difficulty thinking or retaining thoughts is a problem with listening, and reading. Work becomes difficult, or even impossible. Remembering important things becomes increasingly hard. Relationships suffer as the person begins to isolate himself from others.
Difficulty sleeping: Trouble falling asleep and staying asleep is a common problem for persons suffering from Clinical Depression. Many people say they lie awake in bed for hours at a time, eyes wide open, unable to sleep. Once they do manage to fall asleep, they toss and turn, and wake up after only a few hours. The resulting fatigue caused from sleeplessness further compounds the problem.
Other persons suffering from Clinical Depression experience the opposite problem. They sleep continually. Even after adequate sleep, they find it difficult to get out of bed in the morning, or to stay awake during the day. Yet, they never feel rested, and want more and more sleep.
Loss of motivation: Clinical Depression is exhausting. It robs energy and motivation. Fatigue is intense and can be disabling. Many times, the person’s appearance suffers. In fact, though normally particular about how they dress, they may dress in wrinkled clothes that are dirty and mismatched. When asked why, they may say they are just too tired to care how they look.
Appetite and eating habits change: Many times a person with Clinical Depression will lose large amounts of weight, because they no longer care about food. They have no appetite, and the taste of food is no longer satisfying. Their clothes may hang limply on them. Although loss of appetite is the more common of the two, other persons go on eating binges and gain a lot of weight. They can’t seem to get control over their eating habits, and snack constantly.
Lack of self-esteem: As the depression continues, many sufferers begin to feel worthless. They may feel their life has no real value. Some persons experience deep guilt for things beyond their control. Even the fact that they are depressed can cause some persons to feel guilty, which in turn makes them feel even more depressed. When family and friends attempt to console them, the negative feelings persist.
Physical symptoms manifest: Surprisingly, some of the most prominent symptoms of Clinical Depression are complaints of physical discomforts such as aches, pains, and digestive disorders. The sufferer may begin to attribute their depression to a medical problem, but an examination will often turn up no reason for the pain and discomfort.
Depression can weaken the immune system’s ability to fight off disease, and can heighten the risk of heart and other diseases. In fact, one Finnish study revealed that when all other risk factors were equal, depressed men had two to four times greater risk of plaque buildup in their arteries than men who were not depressed.
Thoughts of imminent or As the depression continues, thoughts of and take root. The person feels that their life will never get better, and that it might be better if they didn’t exist. Sometimes these feelings become so strong, the person makes plans to .
Abnormal thoughts: Persons with severe Clinical Depression may experience episodes that both confuse and scare them. They may hear imaginary voices. They may obsess with hypochondria, paranoia, or other such manifestations.
A change in physical activity: Daily tasks are an effort and take longer to complete. Feelings of restlessness or listlessness may persist. Some sufferers experience zombie-like “trances,” while others feel anxious or nervous and are unable to relax and sit still.